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Socialism first gained a major foothold in Japan after the
revolution and the subsequent Meiji restoration of 1868. Against
the background of the rapid development of capitalism in Japan
after the revolution, and the accompanying emergence of the working
class, this study shows how early Japanese socialists drew on both
Western influences and elements from traditional Japanese culture.
In the early 1980s most of the world interested in Japan was
fascinated by its educational system, industrial policy or low
crime rates - things which explained the economic miracle and made
it 'Number One'. John Crump, however, was searching for the origins
of socialist thought there. Historians of the socialist movement
before and since the 1980s have described the thought of those who
figure in the dramas Crump describes. What sets his study apart is
the degree to which the theoretical debates discussed matter to
him. Other authors often lack sympathy with, or seem frustrated by,
the importance given to apparently trivial differences that
consumed endless debate. However, at the time he wrote this book,
the author was still an activist, even though his activity
manifested itself mainly in his scholarship. His aim was to do more
than give an account of the formation of socialist thought in
Japan. He wanted his readers to think more deeply about the
development of capitalism in Japan. This book made an original
contribution to the study of Japan in the 1980s. Its unique
perspective shines a bright light on debates still relevant today.
This book provides a history of Nikkeiren (the Japanese Federation
of Managers' Organisations) and an account of post-war capitalist
development in Japan. The author challenges the principal
interpretations of how the economy functions revealing a darker
side of Japanese capitalism in his examination of the roles played
by class power, manipulation and mystification.
Socialism first gained a major foothold in Japan after the
revolution and the subsequent Meiji restoration of 1868. Against
the background of the rapid development of capitalism in Japan
after the revolution, and the accompanying emergence of the working
class, this study shows how early Japanese socialists drew on both
Western influences and elements from traditional Japanese culture.
In the early 1980s most of the world interested in Japan was
fascinated by its educational system, industrial policy or low
crime rates - things which explained the economic miracle and made
it 'Number One'. John Crump, however, was searching for the origins
of socialist thought there. Historians of the socialist movement
before and since the 1980s have described the thought of those who
figure in the dramas Crump describes. What sets his study apart is
the degree to which the theoretical debates discussed matter to
him. Other authors often lack sympathy with, or seem frustrated by,
the importance given to apparently trivial differences that
consumed endless debate. However, at the time he wrote this book,
the author was still an activist, even though his activity
manifested itself mainly in his scholarship. His aim was to do more
than give an account of the formation of socialist thought in
Japan. He wanted his readers to think more deeply about the
development of capitalism in Japan. This book made an original
contribution to the study of Japan in the 1980s. Its unique
perspective shines a bright light on debates still relevant today.
From its formation in 1948 to its merger with Keidanren in 2002,
this work provides a comprehensive history of Nikkeiren. Using the
different periods of postwar Japanese capitalism as a context, the
author carefully traces the history of Nikkeiren. Up until 1960 the
association led Japanese employers in the campaign to win back "the
right to manage", which had been lost in the chaotic aftermath of
Japan's defeat in World War II. Nikkeiren achieved this by forging
solidarity between employers in order to win a succession of
bitterly fought labour disputes where the objective was not merely
to defeat but to annihilate militant unions. Subsequently,
Nikkeiren switched its emphasis to manipulation of the workforce
and to a mutually advantageous trade-off with the leaders of
increasingly enterprise-orientated unions. The group also put a
great amount of effort into generating a mystifying ideology.
Largely based on Japanese sources, this is the first comprehensive
study of Nikkeiren to appear in English. In addition to providing a
detailed empirical account of Nikkeiren's organization and
activity, this book throws light on the nature and function of
class power, the inherent tendency o
This is a pioneering study of Japanese 'pure anarchism' between the
wars focused on its principal theoretician, Hatta Shuzo.
This is a pioneering study of Japanese 'pure anarchism' between the
wars focused on its principal theoretician, Hatta Shuzo.
Everyone knows that in socialism private companies are replaced by
state enterprises which employ wage-workers in order to produce
profits which accrue to the state. 'Not so!' say the authors of
this book. In the nineteenth century, socialists as different as
Marx and Kropotkin were agreed that socialism means a marketless,
moneyless, wageless, classless, stateless world society.
Subsequently this vision of non-market socialism has been developed
by currents such as the Anarcho-Communists, Impossibilists, Council
Communists, Bordigists and Situationists. By tracing this
development, this book challenges the assumptions of both
supporters and opponents of what is conventionally regarded as
socialism.
Here is the first comprehensive exposition of the theory of state
capitalism. Using a Marxist theoretical approach, Buick and Crump
show that private capitalism and state capitalism are equally
suitable institutional arrangements for allowing capital to exploit
wage-workers. State capitalism is examined in its Western form of
selective nationalisation and in its full-scale form, as found in
Russia or China. The origins of Russian state capitalism are traced
back to the 1917 revolution and Lenin's ideology. Finally, Buick
and Crump suggest the kind of changed social relationships which
would allow world capitalism to be replaced by world socialism.
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